Indicator C3 — Duplicate or Near-Duplicate Projects

AI-verified / Na-verify ng AI Data as of October 21, 2026

Duplicate or Near-Duplicate Projects

Very similar descriptions within ~100m or identical coordinates across contracts/years.

This is a statistical anomaly or indicator worth examining — not proof of wrongdoing, fraud, or corruption against any person.

Indicator: contracts 22BC0084 and 24BC0065 have near-identical descriptions about 743 m apart (funding years 2022, 2024; ₱49.00M, ₱48.23M). Worth checking whether they cover the same works. It is possible that these are sequential or adjacent sections of the same seawall project funded in different years.

Public record entityConstruction of Seawall along the Shoreline of Ballesteros, Cagayan

LocationBALLESTEROS (CAGAYAN), CAGAYAN, Region IIContract 24BC0065

Amount₱48,234,966.56 sumbong source

Only contractors and government agencies named in public procurement records are shown. Private individuals are not named.

Satellite before / after

Esri Wayback · ~0.5 mLocation approximate

Before capture: 2018-04-23 · Maxar

After capture: 2025-11-07 · Vantor

Satellite comparison for public reference — not proof of completion or non-completion.

Imagery may not show small or linear works; no visible change is not evidence of wrongdoing.

Imagery © Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics, and the GIS User Community

Caveats & resolution

Esri World Imagery Wayback (~0.5–1 m); dates are archive release dates, not capture timestamps.
Imagery may not show small or linear works; no visible change is not evidence of wrongdoing.
DPWH coordinates can be approximate; marker shows the imagery center (may be snapped to riverbank/coast).

Disclaimer

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How this was checked

publish · confidence 0.95

Model: gpt-4.1

Prompt: v4.1

Checked: October 22, 2026

The two projects have near-identical titles with no distinguishing markers, are located in the same municipality, and are funded in different years. The distance between them (743 m) is above the 100 m threshold, but the rule is for near-duplicate projects within the same municipality, and the titles do not specify different segments, phases, or locations within Ballesteros. The evidence is complete and checkable.

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Project completion

Schedule fields from DPWH transparency portal records and the Sumbong sa Pangulo flood-control list — not inferred beyond those columns.

Reported complete (DPWH): 1Ongoing: 0Delayed: 0Status unknown: 0

Project	Prog.	Target end	Actual end	Days late	Status
Construction of Seawall along the Shoreline of Ballesteros, Cagayan24BC0065Flood control	100%	August 12, 2024	April 20, 2024	—	completedsumbong source

Start: February 7, 2024 · Source fetched October 21, 2026

Rule Definition

Title similarity + distance or shared coordinates within municipality.

Triggering Data & citations

Similar project description near another contract in the same municipality

{
  "contractId": "24BC0065",
  "fundingYear": 2024,
  "municipality": "BALLESTEROS (CAGAYAN)",
  "distanceMeters": 742.9188367851082,
  "titleSimilarity": 1
}

Source documents

sumbong — https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rukku/sumbongsapangulo.ph-datasets/main/flood_control_projects.geojsonFetched October 21, 2026

Possible Innocent Explanations

Phased construction seasons
Upstream/downstream segments recorded separately