Indicator C5 — Pattern Consistent with Contract Splitting

AI-verified / Na-verify ng AI Data as of October 21, 2026

Pattern Consistent with Contract Splitting

Multiple similar contracts to the same contractor/DEO just under a threshold in a short window.

This is a statistical anomaly or indicator worth examining — not proof of wrongdoing, fraud, or corruption against any person.

Indicator: 3 contracts awarded to C & F CONST & DEVELOPMENT CORP by the same office started within 56 days, each between ₱42.5M and ₱50M (just under the ₱50M threshold), with 3 in the same municipality. It is possible these are separate phases or segments of a larger flood control project, each bid out individually.

Public record entityConstruction of Flood Control Structure along Santa Maria River and its Tributaries (Balasing-Pulong Buhangin Section), Santa Maria, Bulacan

LocationSANTA MARIA (BULACAN), BULACAN, Region IIIContract 24CD0012

Amount₱47,520,712.83 sumbong source

Only contractors and government agencies named in public procurement records are shown. Private individuals are not named.

Satellite before / after

Esri Wayback · ~0.46 mLocation approximate

Before capture: 2023-07-09 · Maxar

After capture: 2025-04-25 · Vantor

Satellite comparison for public reference — not proof of completion or non-completion.

Imagery may not show small or linear works; no visible change is not evidence of wrongdoing.

Imagery © Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics, and the GIS User Community

Caveats & resolution

Esri World Imagery Wayback (~0.5–1 m); dates are archive release dates, not capture timestamps.
Imagery may not show small or linear works; no visible change is not evidence of wrongdoing.
DPWH coordinates can be approximate; marker shows the imagery center (may be snapped to riverbank/coast).

Disclaimer

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How this was checked

publish · confidence 0.95

Model: gpt-4.1

Prompt: v4

Checked: October 22, 2026

This is a C5 indicator, and the code has already confirmed that three contracts with similar titles, the same contractor and DEO, and costs just under the ₱50M threshold were started within 56 days in the same municipality. The titles refer to overlapping or adjacent sections of the same river and area, but C5 does not require title distinction and expects projects to be in the same municipality. There is no evidence of a data artifact.

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Project completion

Schedule fields from DPWH transparency portal records and the Sumbong sa Pangulo flood-control list — not inferred beyond those columns.

Reported complete (DPWH): 1Ongoing: 0Delayed: 0Status unknown: 0

Project	Prog.	Target end	Actual end	Days late	Status
Construction of Flood Control Structure along Santa Maria River and its Tributaries (Balasing-Pulong Buhangin Section), Santa Maria, Bulacan24CD0012Flood control	100%	February 5, 2025	February 5, 2025	No target date from DPWH, so lateness cannot be computed	completedsumbong source

Start: April 8, 2024 · Source fetched October 21, 2026

Rule Definition

≥3 contracts within 120 days, each 85–100% of ₱50M threshold, similar titles.

Triggering Data & citations

Cluster of contracts just under procurement threshold with similar scope

{
  "deo": "Bulacan 2nd District Engineering Office",
  "contractId": "24CD0012",
  "contractor": "C & F CONST & DEVELOPMENT CORP",
  "windowDays": 120,
  "clusterSize": 3,
  "thresholdPhp": 50000000,
  "contractCostPhp": 47520712.83,
  "averageTitleSimilarity": 0.9517578934153537
}

Source documents

sumbong — https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rukku/sumbongsapangulo.ph-datasets/main/flood_control_projects.geojsonFetched October 21, 2026

Possible Innocent Explanations

Legitimate multi-lot procurement
Different sites under same program

Satellite before / after

Project completion

Rule Definition

Triggering Data & citations

Possible Innocent Explanations

Where this project sits